Another thing this doctor doesn't talk about (probably isn't even aware of) is doing "outcrosses within your own line."

Say I bred Poncho to Coca Cola and had Stormbringer. I also have Bull x Cola (Poncho's great uncle to Coki).

And suppose I bred Poncho to Little Bootie, then to Red Angel, then to other bitches.

And suppose each of these breedings produced super dogs, and I inbred/linebred on those dogs. I could develop whole families on one group of Poncho dogs ... and whole families on another group (bred a little different) ... ALL based on whatever traits I am selecting for.

And then 4 generations later, I could interbreed these dogs, which in a way is really "outcrossing" within my own family, all based on Poncho.

I remember Big Ernie saying to me, "What I consider an outcross most people consider inbreeding."

Big Ernie was the owner of Ch Leonard, who beat Poncho. I wasn't dogman enough to understand what he was talking about, but (now that I am) "outcrossing within his own line" is essentially what he was saying. He and Mr. K got their foundation stock from Maurice Carver directly, and exclusively interbred their stock. Take a look back in Ch Leonard's pedigrree (he is 42% inbred at 10 generations).

They considered him an outcross ...

Jack